Floating Solar Photovoltaics (FSPV) is a technology in which solar photovoltaic (PV) power generation systems are mounted on water surfaces, typically used in lakes, reservoirs, oceans, and other bodies of water. Mugihe isi isaba ingufu zisukuye zikomeje kwiyongera, izuba rireremba riratera imbere cyane nkuburyo bushya bwo kuvugurura imbaraga zishobora kongerwa. Ibikurikira ni isesengura ryiterambere ryizuba rireremba ryizuba hamwe nibyiza byayo:
1. ITERAMBERE RY'ITERAMBERE
a) gukura isoko
Isoko rireremba ryizuba riragenda ryiyongera cyane, cyane cyane mu turere tumwe na tumwe aho hakurikijwe umutungo w'ubutaka, nka Aziya, Uburayi na Amerika. Isi yose yashizwemo imirima ireremba iteganijwe kwiyongera cyane mumyaka iri imbere. Nk'uko ubushakashatsi ku isoko, isoko mpuzamahanga yo kureremba imirasire y'izuba biteganijwe ko izagera kuri miliyari z'amadolari saa 2027. Ubushinwa, Koreya y'Amajyepfo, Ubuhinde n'ibihugu byinshi byo mu majyepfo ya Aziya amazi.
b) Iterambere ryikoranabuhanga
Hamwe no guhora dukomeza gukorana tekinoroji yikoranabuhanga, kureremba amatara yizuba byateguwe kugirango birusheho gukora neza, no kwishyiriraho no kubungabunga no kubungabunga buhoro buhoro byagabanutse. Igishushanyo mbonera cyo kureremba hejuru y'amazi nacyo gikunda gutandukana, kunoza umutekano no kwizerwa bya sisitemu. Mubyongeyeho, uburyo bwo kubika ingufu hamwe nuburyo bwa grid smallogies butanga amahirwe menshi yo gutera imbere kwisiga.
c) Inkunga ya politiki
Ibihugu byinshi n'uturere bitanga inkunga ya politiki mu iterambere ry'ingufu zishobora kongerwa, cyane cyane kubera ingufu zisukuye nk'umuyaga n'umuyaga. Ingufu z'izuba zireremba, kubera ibyiza byihariye, byasabye guverinoma n'ingengo z'ibigo, inkunga n'inkunga bijyanye, bitera inkunga buhoro buhoro, bitanga ingwate ikomeye yo guteza imbere ubu ikoranabuhanga.
d) gusaba ibidukikije
Ingufu zizuba zireremba zirashobora gushyirwaho hejuru yamazi udafashe ahantu hanini k'umutungo, utanga igisubizo cyiza cyo mu turere dufite umutungo muto. Irashobora kandi guhuzwa nubuyobozi bwamazi (urugero, ibigega n'ibigega n'ibigega byo kuhira) kunoza imikorere ishingiye ku mbaraga no guteza imbere ingufu z'ibisimba.
2. Isesengura ryibyiza
a) kuzigama umutungo wubutaka
Imirasire y'izuba gakondo isaba umutungo munini w'ubutaka, mu gihe imirasire y'izuba irashobora koherezwa hejuru y'amazi udafashe umutungo w'agaciro. Cyane cyane mu turere tumwe na tumwe dufite amazi manini, nk'ibiyaga, amariba, inyama z'imyanda, n'ibindi, ingufu z'izuba zirimo imirasire zidashobora gukoresha neza ibi bice bidahuye n'ubuhinzi n'iterambere ry'imijyi.
b) kunoza imbaraga
Umucyo ugaragaza hejuru y'amazi urashobora kongera urumuri no kuzamura imbaraga zo gukomera kwa pv. Mubyongeyeho, ingaruka zikonje zamazi zirashobora gufasha pv module yo hepfo, ikagabanya kugabanuka muri PV imikorere ya PV bitewe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru, bityo bikagutezimbere imbaraga zubutegetsi rusange.
c) kugabanya guhumeka amazi
Agace kanini k'imirasire y'izuba bitwikiriye ubuso bw'amazi burashobora kugabanya neza guhumeka imibiri y'amazi, ari ngombwa cyane cyane ku turere tw'amazi. Cyane cyane mu bigega cyangwa kuhira imirima, izuba rireremba rifasha mu kubungabunga amazi.
d) ingaruka zidasanzwe zishingiye ku bidukikije
Bitandukanye n'ingufu z'izuba, ingufu z'izuba zirerembwe hejuru y'amazi itera imvururu zito kuri ecosystem y'ubutaka. Cyane cyane mumazi adakwiriye itandukaniro ryibindi byiterambere, izuba rireremba ridatera ibyangiritse cyane kubidukikije.
e) verisiyo
Isoko rireremba rishobora guhuzwa nizindi ikoranabuhanga kugirango riteze imbaraga zikoreshwa ryimikoreshereze. Kurugero, irashobora guhuzwa nimbaraga zumuyaga wamazi kugirango ikore sisitemu yingufu zivanga zongera umutekano no kwizerwa kwamashanyarazi. Byongeye kandi, mubihe bimwe na bimwe, ireremba izuba ryizuba nizindi nganda, nkuburobyi cyangwa amapfumu, kandi bifite amahirwe menshi yo kwiteza imbere, akora ubushakashatsi bukomeye bwiterambere, bukora "ubukungu bwubururu" bwinyungu nyinshi.
3. INGORANE n'ibibazo
Nubwo ari byiza cyane byo kureremba imirasire y'izuba, iterambere ryayo riracyafite ibibazo byinshi:
Ikoranabuhanga n'ikiguzi: Nubwo ikiguzi cy'izuba rireremba buhoro buhoro kigabanuka buhoro buhoro, biracyari hejuru kuruta uko sisitemu y'ingufu gakondo y'izuba gakondo, cyane cyane mu mishinga ikomeye. Ibindi bishya byubuhanga birakenewe kugirango ugabanye ibiciro byubwubatsi no kubungabunga ibiciro byububiko bureremba.
Kuvugurura ibidukikije: Guhagarara cyane kuri sisitemu y'izuba bihagurutse bigomba kugenzurwa mu bidukikije bitandukanye, cyane cyane guhangana n'ibintu bitunguranye, ikirere gikabije, imiraba no gukonjesha.
Amazi akoresha amakimbirane: mu mazi amwe, kubaka imirasire y'izuba biguruka bishobora kuvugurura ibindi bikorwa by'amazi nko kohereza no kuroba, kandi ni ikibazo cyukuntu uteganya no guhuza inyungu zinyungu zitandukanye.
Incamake
Imbaraga zizuba zireremba, nkuburyo bushya bwo kubona imbaraga zishobora kongerwa, bifite ubushobozi bunini bwiterambere, cyane cyane mubice bifite ubutunzi bukabije bwubutaka nubuki bwiza. Iterambere ryikoranabuhanga, gushyigikira politiki no kugenzura neza ingaruka zibidukikije, izuba rireremba rizacumbirwa mu mahirwe menshi yiterambere mumyaka iri imbere. Muburyo bwo guteza imbere icyatsi cyingufu, ingufu zireremba imirasire zizatanga umusanzu wingenzi mugutandukanya imbaraga zurwego rwingufu zishingiye ku isi n'iterambere rirambye.
Igihe cya nyuma: Jan-24-2025